Jalbert



6 Sheets-Sheet 1,

(No Model) T. E. ENJALBERT. APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATIC PHOTOGRAPHY.

Patented Sept. 16, 1890.

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APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATIC PHOTOGRAPHY. No. 436,627. Patented Sept.16,1890.

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T. E. ENJALBERT. APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATIC PHOTOGRAPHY.

No. 486,627. I Patented Sept. 16, 1890.

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T. E. ENJALBERT.

APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATIC PHOTOGRAPHY. No. 436,627. Patented Sept. 16,1890.

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T. E. ENJALBERT. APPARATUS FOR vAUTOMATIC PHOTOGRAPHY. No. 436,627.

Patented Sept. 16, 1890.

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A 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 T. E. ENJALBERT. APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATIC PHOTOGRAPHY.

No. 436,627. Patented Sept. 16, 1890.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

TIIEOPHILE ERNEST ENJALBERT, O PARIS, FRANCE.

APPARATUS ,FOR AUTOMATIC PHOTOGRAPHY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 486,627, datedSeptember 16, 1890.

Application filed October 1, 1889. Serial No. 325,792. (110 model.)Patented inlirance March 4, 1889, No. 196,461; in England August 6,1889,110. 12,450, andin Belgium August 31, 1889,1111. 87,582.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THEOPHILE ERNEST EN- JALBERT, a citizen of theRepublic of France, residing at Paris, in France, have invented acertain new and useful Apparatus for Automatic Photography, (forwhich Ihave obtained Letters Patentin France, No. 196,451, dated March 4, 1889;in England provisional specification bearing date August 6, 1889, No.

12,450, and in Belgium bearing date August 31, 1889, No. 87,582,) ofwhich the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a photo graphic apparatus by means ofwhich a person by simply introducing a piece of money can automaticallyobtain his photograph, which will be produced by the process calledferro-typography with damp collodion.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective View of theapparatus; Figs. 2 and 2 a front elevation of the mechanism with thefront casing of the apparatus removed. Figs. 3 and 3 are sectionsthrough a b of Figs. 2 and 2 Figs. 4 and l" are sections through c d ofFigs. 2 and 2; Fig. 5is a rear elevation of the front partition of theapparatus, or, in other words, a section through cf of Figs. 3 and 3Fig. 6 shows the ar- D rangement of the electric contacts and our- 0rents which work the apparatus and the disengaging or releasingmechanism operated by means of the piece of money. Fig. 7 is a sideelevation on a reduced scale of one of the sector-levers which work themovable sup- 5 ports by means of a cam. Fig. 8 shows in front and sideelevation a head of one of the fixed or movable supports as they shouldbe made when glass plates are used.

This system comprises a photographic ap 4o paratus which is operated byelectricity generated in any suitable battery and a seat placed at acertain distance from the camera for the person who is to bephotographed, Fig. 1.

All the mechanism is inclosed in a case, the base of which contains theelectric battery or it may be accumulators of any suitable construction.This mechanism, the different parts of which are represented in detailin Figs. 2, 2", 3, 3, 4, 4 5, 7, and 8, is divided into fivecompartments A B O D E, separated from one another by verticalpartitions 94, Figs. 2 and 2 The compartment A contains the guide 1,composed of four vertical standards, and in which the rectangular platesof polished sheetiron are introduced, separated from each other by smallcopper frames placed with ref ence to theplates crosswise and in such amanner that when a plate from the guide 1 is moved along by the driver 2and when that driver has come back again the frame, not being supportedany longer, falls into a chute 3, (dotted lines, Figs. 2 and 2 whichleads it outside the apparatusto the bracket 4. This frame will serve tomount the finished proof. At the base of the compartment A is a littleelectric motor 5, worked by the general current, and which by means ofsuitable gearing causes the horizontal arbor 6 to rotate, which shafttransmits motion to all the operating mechanism. On this shaft 6 issecured a grooved cam 7, which works the three oscillating levers 8, 9,and 10, the levers 8 and 9 having each at. their upper end a little forkwhich swings in a plane perpendicular to theirs by means ofelectro-magnets 8 and 9, fixed on each of these levers. The lever 8serves to work the driver 2 at the desired moment, and the object of thelever 9 is to work the system of collodion. The lever 10 governs theslide 11, of which the rods 12serve to make the plates pass from onecell to an other.

In the compartment Bis effected the treatment with collodion of theplate which has fixed itself on the poles of the electro-magnet 86 ofthe support 13 by the help of the driver 2. This support 13 crosses abeam or shaft, which. is incorporated with the horizontal axle 9o 14,which. revolves on center points, of which one--viz., that marked -canbe taken to pieces, in order to take away the movable support, in such away that this support can not only oscillate in a vertical plane, butlike- 95 wise turn in the two directions according to the axis of itsrod. This rotary movement on its red is communicated to the support 13by a pinion 15, which is at its base and is provided with fingers 16.During the rocking 10o movement round the axis 14 the pinion 15encounters the fixedtoothed racks 17 and the fingers 16, which penetrateinto the helicoidal grooves 17 of a sheet-iron guide 18. The toothedracks and the guide ca ise the supportto revolve on itself whileoscillating on its axis 14. On this latter a pinion 19 is fixed and isoperated by a sector-lever'fiZO, which cal.

the cam 21, Figs. 2, 2 5, and 7, causes to oscillate. This cam is fixedon the shaft 22, which allows the shaft 6 to revolve freely or is drawnalong by it should such be the case. On this shaft 22 the levers23 andthe toothed wheel 24, which is held close against the cup 27 by thespring 27 are likewise fixed. When the electro-magnet 25 attracts thegear-lever 23, the lower end 23 of this lever engages with the disk 26of the shaft 6, Fig. 2 and in consequence of which the shaft turns. Thecup 27, in which the disk 26 is lodged, has a notch on its upper part inwhich the lever 23 fits when the beam is to be at rest.

The system for treating with collodion comprises a fixedsupporting-plate 28, having two grooves 29, partly inclined and partlyverti- This plate has a rectangular bend 28'. On the face of this fixedplate 28 a movable plate 30 slides, which, guided by the grooves 29,moves vertically and obliquely by means of a rod 31, jointed to a sector32, which is worked by the toothed bar 33 when it is driven by the lever9. The movable plate carries a drop-measure 34, provided with anindia-rubber bottle 35, surmounted by a piston and a rod 35. Thisdrop-measure plunges into the basin 36, attached to the bottle ofcollodion 37 by an india-rubber tube 10, which brings the collodion to auniform height, as in intermittent fountains. The basin 36 is coveredwith an india-rubber membrane pierced in the center, which only allowsthe point of the drop-measure to penetrate, and thus prevents anyevaporation. The movable plate 30 carries on its side a hook 38, which,as is hereinafter explained, serves to arrest the piston 35 after thesqueezing of the india-rubb'er bottle. The catch 38', screwed on thefixed plate 28, serves to disengage the hook 38 at the desired moment.Beneath the support 13 is a funnel 39,which receives the overflow of thecollodion and permits it to flow into the bottle 40.

The compartment O serves for washingsilver and for the impression of theimage. The support 41 is consequently in the axis of the lens. Thissupport 41 receives the plate which has collodion on it by one of theclutches 12, and rocking by the same process as the support 13, butwithout revolving on its rod, plunges the plate in the silver bath 4'2and rises up afterward in order to present this plate to the lens.

The compartmentD or 12 serves for developing the image. The support 43operates like the support 13 by means of the pinion 19' of the sector20' and of the cam 21', Figs. 4 and 4". This support revolves by meansof I of them.

its pinion 51 and of the toothed rack 52.

When it does not revolve, it is guided and held by the spring53 and thetwo buttons 54 and 54 which fit into a notch of the spring. This samesupport receives the plate by a clutch 12, rises again, and brings itunder the cook 44, which terminates at its base wit-h a flattened tip ornozzle. The liquids are conducted by the india-rubber tubes 45 and46,

which become flattened by the jointed levers.

flow into a funnel 49 The compartment E serves for the fixingv and forpolishing. Its support 51 receives the plate from the clutch 12 andcarries it.

under the liquids coming out of the cook 52, identical with the cook 44.The operation ended, the lever bends, always by means of a lever-sectorand a cam, and the lower edge of the printed plate fastens itself on theedge of the conduit-pipe 53, whichleads it to the bracket 54,furnishedwith a lamp 55.

Having thus described the five compartments which contain the principalportions of the mechanism, the description of the back part of the frontof the apparatus'i. e., the casing which supports the obj cot-glass orlens, Fig. 5,-will next be proceeded with. All the operating parts.fixed on this partition are moved by the general electric current bymeans of contacts 56, which allow the partition 57, which carries theobj eat-glass and its accessories, to be removed without detaching anywire. This partition 57 has a slit 58 therein, Figs. 1 and 5, throughwhich a piece of money is introduced into the passage 59. Under Theseliquids having been used neath this passage is an oscillating or rockinorder to expose or uncover the edge of the:

cup 61 to enable the money to fall into the-r passage 64, and thenceinto the box 65.

The obturator or shutter 66,placed behind the object-glass or lens 67,is composed of sheet-iron, pivoted at 66', and worked by anelectro-magnet 68 by help of the armature 69,

which forms a lever. passes through the electro-magnet 68, the lever 69is attracted and raises the obturator, which falls again by its ownweight and closes When the current i the object-glass as soon as thecurrent is in- 1 terrupted. When the obturator is opened, it

puts in contact the blades 71 by its armor projection 70, which puts thebell 72, Fig. 1, in mot-ion, which bell is in action throughout thesitting.

Above the partition 57 are four dials, each I having anindicator-needle.

The four needles indicate outwardly the operations which are effected inthe interior, as well as the moment of the sitting. The axes of theseneedles bear toothed wheels 74, governed by the wheels 24:, Figs. 2 and2", by chains which pass through the return-pulley 75, Figs. 2, 2, i, i,and 5.

Upon each of the axes of the needles-is fixed an insulating-block 70,which has two metal rings 77-. The current arrives by the contact 78 toreturn by the contact 79 in consequence of the junction of the contacts80. When revolving these contacts 80 encounter the terminals 81, whichseparate them, and which receive the current in order to send it to theditterent electro-magnets of the apparatus. I

The dial 73' is especially destined for the sitting. is of aconicalortaper form, fined on a bracket 83, which is raised or lowered at will bythe pinion and reel; 84. It is evident that the more the contact 82 israised the shorterwill be the time that it is likely to be free from theneedle, and therefore so much less time will the sitting last.

On referring to Fig. 6, it will be seen that the current of electricityis supplied to the apparatus by generator M.

As has been explained above, the releas mechanism consists of anoscillating lever 60, on one end of which is the cup 61, for receivingthe coin, and which is counterbalanced the weight 60. This leverbears aplate, on the face of which are written, one above theothenthe wordsShut and Open, which are seen from the outside through an opening in thefront partition. When the lever is lowered the word Shut is seen, andthe plate 87 at the same time closes the slit for introducing the pieceof money. The lev r50 is crossed by a verticalcontact attached to awire. T helever when swingingseparates the two contacts 56 and takes theelectric current in order to direct it to the first wire coil 25. Themotor 5 receives the return-current, and the wire that leads from itproceeds straight to the battery, if a motor other than electric isused. it is evident that the current does not pass through theelcctro-inagnets S5 and 86 if the are replaced by ordinary ones.

The portion of Fig. 0 surrounded by adotted line represents the entirearrangement of mechanism for working the apparatus. This mechanism isdivided into four longitudinal divisions, the letters and numberscorresponding with those of the other figures. The first division Frepresents a plan of the double contacts. The second division G showsthe triple contacts 8.) turned on? on the horizontal plan. The heads 90of the levers 23 are of insulating material and move in the direction ofthe arrow. The third division ll shows a front elevation and full viewof the levers 23 and of the electro-niagnets 25. The fourth division Irepresents the coininutators 73 and the electro-inagnets 85 and S6 ofthe movable it has a movable contact 82, which over the plate.

and fixed supports. The whole of Fig. 6 rep-' resents the apparatus atrest. The apparatus is completed by an arni-chair91, Fig.1, which chairis surmounted bya screen,and the seat of which is inclined to permitpersons of all figures to sit comfortably and to lean their headsagainst the head-rest fixed in the center of the screen.

The operation of the before-described apparatus is as follows: Theperson wishing to be photographed begins by introducing a piece of moneyinto the slit 58, Fig.1. This falls through the passage into the cup 61and by its weight causes the adjacent end of the lever to descend, andthereby cause the plate 87 to shut up the opening 58 and show that thebox is closed. The lever 60, by being thus operated, separates the twocontacts '56 and communicates with and leads the current into the firstelectroinagnet 25. latter attracts the lever '23 at the same time as itputs in motion the motor 5. The lever 23, being attracted by theelectroenagnet 25, causes the two contacts 88 to communicate and fixesthe first sleeve or clutch 2:2 on the middle shaft and'revolves with it.The first sector-lever 20, drawn along by its cam 21, leads the head ofthe movable support 13 against the plate-guide or reservoir 1. At thismoment the first contact, which is behind the tirstdial 73, sends thecurrent into the electro-niagnet S and acts on the forked head of thelever 8, which is just about to catch hold of the heck of the driver 2.The stopper of the cam 7, fixed on the shaft 6, encounters the foot ofthe lever 8, which pushes away, by help of the driver 2, the firstorlow-' erinost plate onto the head of the movable support 13, where itis retained by the elec tro-niagnet S6. The lever S returns to its placeand uncovers the lower end of the receiver l, and thus permits theframe, which is no longer supported, to fall into the passage 3, andconsequently on the bracket 4. The second contact which is produced inthe first dial sends the current into the electro-inagnet 63, whichattracts the diaphragm U2,

which, after disclosing the edge of the cup 61,

causes the piece of money to fall into the box 65. The lever 60 returnsthen to its first position. The third contact of the same dial sends thecurrent to the electro-magnet 9, which acts on the forked head of theleverd. This fork engages with the rack-bar 33, which raises thedrop-measure 3st by the sector 32 and rod 31, and the drop-measure risesvertically from the. basin 36, and afterward, guided obliquely by thegrooves 5 arrives The rod of the piston 35, encountering the horizontalplate 28, causes this piston to press on the india-rubber bottle 35, andthus to caus the col-lodion to fall from the tip of the d rop-incasureon the plate. At this moment the hook 38 engages the edge of the pistonand keeps it in its place. The lever 9 in returning causes the system todescend again, and when the tip of the drop- This fallen on the uppersurface of the plate, the,

cam .21 "engages the sector-lever v20 my "causes the support 13 tomove'insuch a way as to spread the collodion all over the surface of theplate and to discharge the" overflow into the funnel 39. In consequenceof the oscillating movement produced'by the cam 21 the support 13 rocksseveral tinies and by its rotary movementlevels while i drying the layerof collodion. Thesupport 13 thereupontakes ahorizontal position. The cam7 then engages the lever 10, which drives the rod 11 in such a mannerthat the first clutch 12 causes the plate to slide from the the lamp55.- The movable support 51 returns to its place and the lever 23separates the two contacts 88, which, by interrupting all communication,causes the apparatus to stop. In consequence of these combinations thedifferent compartments, being independent of one :another, can worksimultaneously, so that the proofs can follow without interruption. Theeleetro-magnets of the movable,- supports 86 and of the. fixedsupports85 canbe replaced by ordinary magnets which will fulfill theirfunctions;

This apparatus. can serve equally well for all photographic processes.The heads of the electro-magnets of the fixed and movable supports wheremetal plates are not used are replaced by the small tables 92, furnishedwith grooves, in which slide or rest still the glass plates .93, Fig. 8.

' 25 gages its lever 23, Fi 6.

' sets in motion the bell 72.

7 50 the support 41 to support 43 in passing by the I elaim- 1. In anautomatic photographic apparatus, the means for releasing the mechanismby a coin, consisting of a rocking lever car: rying on its ends a cup,the outer edge'of which is closed by a diaphragmon a lever, which, beingdisplaced at the desired moment by an electro-magnet, causes the coin tofall in the passage of a box, this rocking lever having besides a platewhich conceals or discloses the slot through which the coins areintroduced, substantially as herein described.

2. In an automatic photographic apparatus such as described, thecombination, with the casing and a series of oscillating supportsadapted to receive the plates in succession, of a motor and adrive-shaft in gear therewith having a series of cams for operating theoscillating carriers and a driver for moving the plates along,substantially as described.

3. In an automatic photographic apparatus such as described, thecombination, with the casing and a series of oscillating supportsadapted to receive the plates insuccession and a driver having a seriesof arms corresponding to'the supports, of an electric motor, adrive-shaft in gear therewith, a cam on said shaft for moving theplate-driver, and a series of cams also on said shaft for oscillatingthe supports independently, substantially as described.

l. In ,a photographic apparatus such as described, the combination, witha series of rotary oscillating supports having electro-magnets on one oftheir extremities for retaining the plate and a toothed pinion on theopposite end, of a drive-shaft having a series of cams thereon engagingthe supports to oscillate them'aud fixed rack-bars gearing with thepinions to rotate the supports, substantially as described.

5. In an automatic photographic apparatus such as described, thecombination, with a rotary and oscillating support for the plates and atoothed pinion and guide-finger secured thereto at one end, of adrive-shaft having a cam for oscillating said support, a fixed rack 20movable support 13 to the movable support 41 in passing by the fixedsupport 85. The lever 23 breaks the first current by separating thecontacts 89 and sends this current into the second electromagnet 25,which disen- The first lever 23 then disengages itself. The plate beingon the movable support 41, this latter is plunged into a bath of silver42 by means of the second cam 21 and a sector-lever. Thiscam hav- 0 ingseveral bosses or projections, the head 'of the support is moved in thebath several times. The same cam causes the support to be raised upagain horizontally, which presents behind the object-glass or lens theplate 5that has now become sensitive. The person about tobephotographed, warned by the needle of the second dial, which points tothe words Be ready, attention, places himself in the chair and does notstir all the while that the needle is passing under the word Sitting. Atthis moment the commutator of the second dial sends a more or lessprolonged current into the electro-magnet 68, Fig. 5, which actuatestheobturator 66 and This obturator having fallen again in consequence ofthe current ceasing, the cam 7 actuates the lever 10, the rod ortriangle 11, and the clutches 12 in sucha manner that the plate passesfrom IIO fixed intermediate support 85, and the third lever 23disengages itself like the preceding one, in order to yoke the thirdbeam 22 onto the middle shaft. In the latter two compart- 5 5 ments '1)and E the movements are the same as those of the preceding. The movablesupports bring the plates under the cooks or jets 44 and 52. The'electromagnets 47 attract the levers in order to allow the liquids toflow at the right moment and for thenecessary time onto the plates. Inthe last, place the movable support 51 fastens the lower edge of theplate to the upper edge of .the wastepipe 53'}, so as to completelydetach the plate, which falls into the said conduit-pipe in order toreach the bracket 54, where it is dried by gearing with the pinion,andafixed cam with which the finger engages, substantially as and for thepurpose specified.

6. In an automatic photographic apparatus such as described, thecombination,with a re- ,ceiver for the superposed plates and frames, aseries of movable supports for receiving and such as described thecombination, with the trolling said clutches, substantially as de seriesof movable supports for the plates, a feeder for moving the plates fromone support to the other, and a drive -shaft having cams thereon formoving the supports and feeder, of a collodion-dropper above the firstsupport, a segment for moving said dropper into position, a lever formoving the segment, and a cam on the drive-shaft for moving the lever,substantially as described.

8. In an automatic photographic apparatus such as described, thecombination, with a movable support for theplates, of a'collodiondropperover thesame, consisting of the drop measure with an elastic bulb, aplate on which said dropper is mounted, having vertical and diagonalslots, whereby it is caused to move Vertically and then obliquely overthe plate, and a stationary projection or catch for compressing the bulband ejecting the collodion onto the plate, and a ,hook for keeping thebulb compressed until the dropper is returned to the cup or reservoir,and a trip for releasing the bulb, substantially as described.

9. In an automatic photographic apparatus substantially such asdescribed,the combination, with a series of movable plate-supportsadapted to receive the plates in succession, of a series of cams formoving said supports, a drive-shaft, clutches interposed between saidshaft and cams, and electro-magnets conscribed.

10. In an automatic photographic apparatus substantially such asdescribed, the combi nation, with a series of movable plate-sup- 1 portsadapted to receive the plates in successiou, a series of cams for movingsaid supports,

a drive-shaft, clutches interposed between said shaft and cams,electro-magnets controlling said clutches, and gear-wheels connected tosaid cams, of a series of dials for indicating the-operations takingplace, series of contacts arranged around said dials, and electricconnections between said contacts and electromagnets, whereby themagnets are made operative by the movement of the indicators,substantially as described.

11. In an automatic photographic apparatus such as described, thecombination, with a series of movable supports, a drive-shaft, andconnections for operating said supports in succession, of a chutearranged in proximity to the last support and in the path of the platecarried thereby, whereby the plate will be detached and pass down thechute, substantially as described.

12. In an automatic photographic appara tus such as described, thecombination, with the movable carriers and complemental photographicapparatus, as described, of a chute for receiving the plate from thelast support, terminating in a bracket or shelt formed by a thinperforated diaphragm, and a lamp located below said shelf, substantiallyas described.

13. In an automatic photographic apparatus, as described, thecombination, with the supports and complemental mechanism, as described,and the lens and bturator, of an electric circuit, including a bell andcontacts, operated by the obturator for completing the circuit andringing the bell, substantially as described.

14. In apparatus such as described,'asystem of dial-indicators, eachhaving a needle, of which the axis is connected by chains to theprincipal motor-shaft, these axes being provided with co mmutators forinterrupting or completing an electric circuit, and the needlesi-ndicating'kternally the different phases of the operations,substantially as herein set forth.

1 5, The combination, with an automatic photographic, apparatus such asdescribed, of a chair having a head-rest and an inclined seat, wherebypersons of different heights may seat themselves with their heads at thesame level, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname, in presence of two witnesses, this 11th day of September, 1889. i

THEOPHILE ERNEST ENJ ALBERT.

Witnesses:

' J ULES Founin, R. I J. PRESTON.

